Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which
of the following is an example of a prokaryotic cell? a. | amoeba | c. | bacterium | b. | virus | d. | liver cells | | | | |
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2.
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The
formation of ADP and inorganic phosphate from ATP and water is an example of which kind of
reaction? a. | condensation | c. | hydrolysis | b. | polymerization | d. | endergonic | | | | |
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3.
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Which statement
correctly identifies the types of respiration in the table above? a. | Processes 1 and 2 are
two different types of aerobic respiration. | c. | Process 1 is anaerobic respiration and Process 2 is aerobic
respiration. | b. | Processes 1 and 2 are two different types of anaerobic
respiration. | d. | Process 1 is aerobic
respiration and Process 2 is anaerobic respiration. | | | | |
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4.
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A
light microscope that has an objective lens of 10x and an ocular lens of 20x has a magnification of
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5.
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The
packaging and distribution center of the cells is the a. | nucleolus | c. | central
vacule | b. | Golgi apparatus | d. | nuclear envelope | | | | |
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6.
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All
of the following are found in both plant and animal cells, except a. | a cell
wall | c. | mitochondria | b. | a cell membrane | d. | endoplasmic reticulum | | | | |
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7.
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As a
characteristic of all living things, homeostasis relates most directly to which of the following
biological themes? a. | interacting systems | c. | evoluation | b. | stability | d. | scale and
structure | | | | |
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8.
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Cells that
line the human stomach contain hydrogen ion pumps in their cell membranes. These pumps allow
the cells to move hydrogen from areas of low concentration inside the cells to areas of higher
concentration outside the cells.
Which equation best represents the reaction that makes the
movement of hydrogen ions possible?
a. | ATP-->ADP+P+energy | c. | O2+H20+energy-->ATP+CO2 | b. | ATP+P+energy--->ADP | d. | ATP+CO2--->O2+H20+energy | | | | |
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9.
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A
particularly active cells might contain large numbers of a. | Chromosomes
| c. | mitochondria | b. | vacuiles | d. | walls | | | | |
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10.
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Which
of these is required during aerobic respiration? a. | Boron | c. | Iodine | b. | Oxygen | d. | Nitrogen | | | | |
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11.
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Which of the
atoms is chemically stable? a. | A | c. | C | b. | B | d. | NONE OF THE ABOVE | | | | |
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12.
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Which
of the following pairs contains unrelated items? a. | eukaryote-amoeba | c. | cell wall-animal cell | b. | ribosomes-protein | d. | mitochondria-energy | | | | |
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13.
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Scientists planted
an equal number of plants in different soil conditions. After 7 days, they counted the number
of plants still alive. The following data were  a. | soil and
temperature and soil moisture | c. | soil moisture
and light exposure | b. | light exposure and soil temp | d. | soil moisture and soil composition | | | | |
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14.
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In
which of the following organelles is a cell’s ATP produced? a. | mitochondrion | c. | Golgi
apparatus | b. | endoplasmic reticulum | d. | lysosome | | | | |
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15.
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Which cellular
process is shown in the figure a. | fertilization | c. | osmosis | b. | translation | d. | mitosis | | | | |
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16.
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 When a pair of stoneflies reproduce, their offspring may vary in color
and in a number of other traits. Which of these processes contributes to variation among
stonefly offspring?a. | Meiosis | c. | aerobic respiration | b. | metamorphosis | d. | alternation of
generations | | | | |
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17.
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3. Amino acids are monomers
of a. |
disaccharides | c. | nucleotides | b. | protein | d. | steriods | | | | |
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18.
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Proteins are made in cells on the a. | mitochondria | c. | nucleus | b. | ribosomes | d. | cell
membrane | | | | |
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19.
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For a plant cell to
make its own food, it must have a. | chloroplast | c. | nucleoi | b. | mitochondria | d. | ribosomes | | | | |
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20.
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A
body cell of a pigeon has 80 chromosomes. If a pigeon lays an unfertilized egg, how many chromosomes
will this egg have?
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21.
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A molecule that has a partial positive charge on one side and a
partial negative charge on the other side is called a. | nonpolar
molecule | c. | charged
molecule | b. | polar molecule | d. | bipolar molecule | | | | |
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22.
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Enzymes a. | are able to heat up molecules so that they can
react. | c. | are biological
catalysts. | b. | provide CO2 for chemical reactions. | d. | absorb excess heat so that reactions occur at low
temperatures. | | | | |
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23.
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A
structure within a cell that performs a specific function is call a. | organelle | c. | tissue | b. | organ tissue | d. | biocenter | | | | |
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24.
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The basic
structure of an organic molecule is shown above. What type of molecule is this? a. | lipid | c. | nucleic
acid | b. | protein | d. | carbohydrate | | | | |
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25.
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Which
of these features would not be found in an animal cell a. | nucleus | c. | cytoplasm | b. | chloroplast | d. | mitochodria | | | | |
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26.
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The
equation below shows how ATP is produced.
ADP + P + Energy
----->ATP
Which of these processes produces the most ATP? a. | glycolysis | c. | lactic acid
fermentation | b. | Krebs cycle | d. | electron transport chain | | | | |
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27.
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The
double membrane surrounding the nucleus is called the a. | nucleolus | c. | nucleoplasm | b. | nuclear wall | d. | nuclear envelope | | | | |
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28.
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Which of these
describes the purpose of this cellular process? a. | to combine two daughter cells | c. | to produce an identical copy of a
cell | b. | to make a chain
of identical amino acid | d. | to form daughter
cells with half the number of chromosomes | | | | |
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29.
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Long
chains of amino acids are found in a. | carbohydrates | c. | proteins | b. | lipids | d. | sugars | | | | |
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30.
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Which of the
following statements most accurately describes the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent
bond? a. | Atoms held together by
ionic bonds separate when placed in water while atoms held together by covalent bonds do not separate
in water. | c. | Electrons are exchanged
between atoms held together by an ionic bond, but they are shared between atoms held together by a
covalent bond. | b. | Ionic bonds hold together atoms of two different types, while
covalent bonds hold together atoms of the same type. | d. | Ionic bonds form between atoms that carry opposite charges, while
covalent bonds form between uncharged atoms. | | | | |
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31.
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All
organic compounds contain the element
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32.
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Which of the
following states of matter contain(s) particles that are tightly linked together in a definite
shape? a. | solid | c. | gas | b. | liquid | d. | solid and liquid | | | | |
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33.
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When the
volume of a cell increases, its surface area a. | increases at the same rate | c. | increases at a faster rate | b. | remains the
same | d. | increases at a
slower rate | | | | |
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34.
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Plant
cells have large membrane-bound spaces in which water, waste products, and nutrients are
stored. These places are known as a. | mitochondria | c. | Golgi apparatus | b. | chloroplast | d. | vacuoles | | | | |
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35.
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In
muscle cells, calcium ions are pumped through channels into the endoplasmic reticulum. These ions
move from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This is an example of
a. | osmosis
| c. | active transport
| b. | diffusion | d. | passive
transport | | | | |
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36.
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Only
eukarotic cells have a. | DNA | c. | ribosomes | b. | membrane-bound
organelles | d. | cytoplasm | | | | |
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37.
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These data support the
hypothesis that a planarian moves away from - a. | plants | c. | rock | b. | light | d. | food | | | | |
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38.
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Most
typically, the order in which the steps of the scientific method are applied is a. | A. observations,
predictions, hypothesis, controlled testing, theory, verification. | c. | C. observations, hypothesis, predictions, controlled testing,
theory, verification. | b. | B. predictions, observations, hypothesis, theory, controlled
testing, verification | d. | D. observations,
hypothesis, predictions, controlled testing, verification, theory. | | | | |
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39.
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The
smallest units of life in all living things are a. | cells | c. | cytoplasm | b. | mitochondria | d. | golgi
apparatus | | | | |
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40.
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A
particularly active cell might contain large numbers a. | chromosomes | c. | mitochondria | b. | vacuoles | d. | wall | | | | |
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41.
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Nucleic acids include a. | chlorophyll and retinal | c. | lipids and sugars | b. | DNA and RNA
| d. | glucose and
glycogen | | | | |
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42.
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The diagram above shows
the flow of oxygen and carbon dioxide in an ecosystem.
Carbon dioxide is used
by a. | animals during
respiration | c. | plants during
photosynthesis | b. | animals, plants, and fungi during
respiration | d. | plants and fungi during
photosynthesis | | | | |
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43.
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The
structure that regulates what enters and leaves the cell is called a. | nucleus | c. | nuclear
membrane | b. | cell wall | d. | cell membrane | | | | |
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44.
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Food,
water and cellular waste are stored primarily in the a. | nucleus | c. | chloroplasts | b. | vacuole | d. | mitochondria | | | | |
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45.
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Turgor is the internal
cytoplasmic pressure that results from the amount of water absorbed by plant cells. The picture
shows a turgor pressure demonstration using stalks of celery in different salt solutions. Which
of these shows the celery stalks in order from the one with the most turgor pressure to the one
with the least turgor pressure?
a. | Q,T,S,R | c. | S,R,T,Q | b. | R,S,T,Q | d. | T,Q,R,S | | | | |
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46.
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A
particularly active cell might contain large numbers of a. | chromosomes | c. | mitochondria | b. | vacules | d. | walss | | | | |
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47.
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Water is
important to life because it a. | surronds all cells | c. | influences the shape of the membrane | b. | is found inside
cells | d. | all of the
above | | | | |
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48.
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The bond
formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons is called a a. | hydrogen
bond | c. | covalent
bond | b. | nonpolar
bond | d. | water
bond | | | | |
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49.
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Plants
produce oxygen which is used by fungi, animals, and plants. In what process do these organisms
use oxygen?
a. | A. mitosis | c. | C. respiration | b. | B.
replication | d. | D.
photosynthesis | | | | |
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50.
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Homeostasis
is the regulation of body processes to maintain a relatively constant internal environment. On
hot days, dogs will pant at increased rates because they do not have sweat glands. Dogs pant in
order to a. | decrease their interal
temperature. | c. | maintain their
internal salt balance. | b. | increase their internal temperature. | d. | maintain their internal water balance. | | | | |
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51.
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When a
molecule gains an electron and an accompanying hydrogen atom, it has been a. | oxidized | c. | digested | b. | reduced | d. | inactivated | | | | |
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52.
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Which figure
shows the last stage of mitosis?
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53.
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Atoms
are composed of a. | protons with a
positive charge | c. | electons with a
negative charge | b. | neutrons with no charge | d. | All of the above | | | | |
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54.
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Buffers a. | are of relatively little importance in living
things.
| c. | are formed when a large
number of hydronium ions are released in a solution.
| b. | are formed when a large
number of hydroxide ions are released in a solution.
| d. | tend to prevent great fluctuations in
pH.
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55.
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Because carbon has four eletrons in its outer energy level a. | it can form
bonds with carbon atoms only | c. | it can react
with up to four other atoms to form covalent bonds | b. | these atoms are
naturally chemically stable | d. | it cannot react
with anything other than organic molecules | | | | |
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56.
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The
electrons of an atom a. | are found in the nucleus along with the
protons | c. | have a positive
charge | b. | orbit the nucleus in various energy
levels | d. | are attracted to
the positive charge of neutrons | | | | |
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57.
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Which cell
part is correctly matched to its function? a. | A. chloroplast - controls cell
division | c. | C. cell membrane
- contains genetic code | b. | B. mitochondrion - releases
energy | d. |
D. ribosome - makes
sugar | | | | |
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58.
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The
organelles associated with photosynthesis are the a. | mitochondria | c. | Golgi
apparatus | b. | chloroplast | d. | vacules | | | | |
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59.
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A drug
company tests a new blood pressure medication before getting FDA approval to market the drug to the
public. Pills containing no medication are given to 500 people in Group I, and pills containing
the new medication are given to 500 people in Group II. In this experiment, Group I serves as
the a. | control
group | c. | dependent
variable | b. | experimental group | d. | independent variable | | | | |
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60.
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In a biology
class, students were asked to use a microscope to distinguish between plant and animal cells. A
student noticed a difference between the vacuoles in plant and animal cells. How do the
vacuoles in plant cells differ from animal cell vacuoles? a. | A. Plant cell
vacuoles are usually larger. | c. | C. Plant cells
rarely contain vacuoles. | b. | B. Plant cell vacuoles are usually
smaller. | d. | D. Plant cells usually contain more
vacuoles | | | | |
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61.
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Polysaccharides are a. | carbohydrates | c. | proteins | b. | lipids | d. | sugars | | | | |
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62.
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Which
organic molecule below is most closely related to nucleic acids a. | animo
acids | c. | nucleotides | b. | CH2 chains | d. | sugars | | | | |
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63.
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The
packaging and distribution center of the cell is the a. | nucleus | c. | central
vacuole | b. | Golgi apparatus | d. | nuclear envelope | | | | |
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64.
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Which
of these is the ultimate source of energy for most life on earth a. | Plants | c. | bacteria | b. | sun | d. | ocean | | | | |
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65.
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Which
of these is required during aerobic respiration? a. | Boron | c. | Iodine | b. | Oxygen | d. | Nitrogen | | | | |
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66.
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Plants and
animals exchange materials through the processes of photosynthesis and respiration. Which of
these statements is true about the way these two processes are related? a. | The products of
photosynthesis inhibit respiration. | c. | The reactants of photosynthesis are also the reactants of
respiration. | b. | The products of photosynthesis are also the products of
respiration. | d. | The products of
photosynthesis are the reactants of respiration. | | | | |
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67.
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Which
of these processes results in oxygen production? a. | osmosis | c. | evaporation | b. | respiration | d. | photosysthesis | | | | |
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68.
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The plant cell
above contains two nuclei and it about to complete it division into two separate cells. The arrow is
pointing to a structure in the middle of the parent cell a. | centriole | c. | chromosome | b. | cell plate | d. | cleavage furrow | | | | |
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69.
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For a
plant cell to make its own food, it must have a. | chloroplasts | c. | nucleoli | b. | mitochondria | d. | ribosomes | | | | |
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70.
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Which of
these results is most likely to occur when a plant cell is placed in pure
water? a. | More water will enter
the cell than leave the cell. | c. | Water will enter and
leave the cell at the same rate. | b. | More water will leave the cell than enter the
cell. | d. | Water will only enter
the cell; no water will leave the cell | | | | |
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71.
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All organisms possess DNA. DNA a. | A. creates energy
for the cells | c. | C. contains
information for growth and development. | b. | B. allows sensitivity to environmental
stimuli. | d. |
D. captures energy from the sun. | | | | |
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72.
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Only
eukaryotic cells have a. | DNA | c. | are made of DNA | b. | membrane bound
organelles | d. | are thin
coverings that surround cells. | | | | |
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73.
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The
organelles in plant cells that contain a green pigment are the a. | mitochondria | c. | cholorplast | b. | bilayer lipids | d. | Golgi Apparatus | | | | |
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74.
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a. | 45 mm | c. | 52 mm | b. | 49
mm | d. | 57
mm | | | | |
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75.
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The graph shows the results of adding substrate to a solution that contains 10 grams
of enzyme. At which point are all of the enzyme molecules working at their maximum
rate?
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76.
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What is the
correct order of the stages of mitosis shown above? a. | 1-4-3-2 | c. | 4-1-2-3 | b. | 2-4-1-3 | d. | 4-2-1-3 | | | | |
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77.
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Animals store glucose containing fragments in the form of a. | cellulose | c. | wax | b. | glycogen | d. | lipids | | | | |
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78.
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Cell
membranes a. | are only found
on a small number of cells | c. | are made of
DNA | b. | contain
genes | d. | are thin
coverings that surround cells | | | | |
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79.
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Which
organelle makes food? a. | the chloroplast | c. | the vacuole | b. | the
ribosomes | d. | the
nucleus | | | | |
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80.
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Nonpolar
molecules have a. | no negative or
positve poles | c. | only a negative
pole | b. | both negative
and positive poles | d. | only a positive
pole | | | | |
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81.
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The
electrons of an atom a. | are found in the nucleus along with the
protons | c. | have a positive
charge | b. | orbit the nucleus in various energy
levels | d. | are attracted to
the positive charge of neutrons. | | | | |
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82.
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Cell
membranes a. | are only found
on a small number of cells | c. | are made of
DNA | b. | contain
genes | d. | are thin
coverings that surround cells | | | | |
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83.
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Which
organic molecule below is most closely related to nucleic acids? a. | amino
acids | c. | nucleotides | b. | CH2 chains | d. | sugars | | | | |
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84.
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When a
student added iodine to an unknown solution, the solution turned a dark color. This color
change indicated that the solution contained
A. lipids C.
DNA
B. proteins
D. starch
a. | lipis | c. | DNA | b. | proteins | d. | Starch | | | | |
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85.
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Which of
these organelles contains the largest amount of DNA? a. | Golgi
vesicle | c. | vacuole | b. | nucleus | d. | ribosome | | | | |
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